能源定价机制对行为节能的驱动作用研究

Driving Effect of Energy Pricing Mechanism on Behavioral Energy Conservation

研究能源定价机制的变化对人行为节能的驱动效果,是有效提高建筑节能潜力的一个重要突破口,反之,合适的人行为模型可以作为检验定价机制是否优越的准绳。通过调查国内现有的电价定价机制并提出几种新的定价机制,重点以天津市和北京市的具体前景为案例,基于办公建筑与居住建筑,探索定价机制的变化对建筑内人行为产生的影响,进而探索其对建筑节能潜力的影响。通过对两类建筑内用电进行分类分析并各自建立一个标准人模型,将人员与建筑能耗相关联。利用情景分析法建立定价机制、人行为及建筑节能潜力间的联系,定量评价电价定价机制的变化对该类能源应用所产生的驱动效果。定价机制的改变会影响用户节能意识,价格越高用户节能意识越高,即人员的行为节能量越多、建筑节能潜力越大。

Studying the driving effect of changes in energy pricing mechanism on human behavior and energy conservation is an important breakthrough to effectively improve the building energy saving potential.Conversely,the appropriate human behavior model can be used as a yardstick for testing whether the pricing mechanism is superior.This paper investigates the existing domestic electricity price pricing mechanism and proposes several new pricing mechanisms.Taking office buildings and residential buildings as examples and Tianjin as a case,exploring the impact of changes in pricing mechanisms on the behavior of occupants,and exploring their impact on energy-saving potential.This paper analyzes the electricity consumption of two types of buildings and establishes a standard occupant model to associate personnel with building energy consumption.The scenario analysis is used to establish the relationship between pricing mechanism,human behavior and building energy-saving potential,and quantitatively evaluate the driving effects of the pricing of electricity prices on the application of energy.What else,this paper uses DesignBuilder to simulate the building model for obtaining the air conditioning power consumption of the building.The change of pricing mechanism in this paper will affect people’s energy-saving awareness.The higher the price,the higher the user’s energy-saving awareness,which means the more energy saving and the greater energy-saving potential of buildings.