传统民居的天然光环境优化研究

Daylighting Environment Retrofitting Under the Background of Vernacular Architecture

中小堡传统民居普遍存在室内光环境差、居住质量低的问题,在国家乡村振兴政策背景下,民居亟待改造。通过对当地典型三进院落民居展开测绘与夏季典型日室内光环境实测,结果显示所有房间的室内平均采光系数均低于建筑采光设计标准要求,窗结构挡光严重、室内表面反射系数低,影响室内光环境。基于传统民居风貌保护和建筑结构改变最小化的视角,本文确定了适宜改造的影响因素,包括窗棂结构、窗洞口形式、不同室内表面反射比。应用Dialux模拟,探讨这些变量对天然采光分布的影响,为农村传统民居在经济条件制约下有组织地进行优化改造提供设计参考依据。

The indoor lighting effect of the traditional residential building in Zhongxiao Bao of Yu county is poor,which is in need of retrofitting,under the policy support of the Rural Revitalization.Based on the building surveying and indoor natural light environment measurement of the traditional typical residential building with three courtyards on summer day,results showed that daylighting performance of all rooms did not meet the requirements of standard for daylighting design,window construction,the reflective properties of surface materials all have an impact on the interior light environment.From the perspective of protection of traditional residential styles and the minimization of changes in building structure,this paper determines the influencing factors for suitable retrofitting,including the mullion structure,the form of the window opening,and the different indoor surface reflectance.The influence of these variables on the distribution of natural lighting is simulated by Dialux software.This paper provides a reference for the optimization and transformation of traditional rural dwellings under the restriction of economic conditions.