对“孤证不能定案”规则的解读与反思

Interpretation and Reflection on the Rule of"Isolated Evidence Can’t Make a Final Decision"

“孤证不能定案”一直以来都是我国刑事诉讼法中一项重要的理念,该理念在司法实践中的适用范围非常广泛,它不仅在审查单个证据的证明力以及判断案件部分事实中有着不容小觑的作用,而且在综合认定全案事实时也发挥着支配性的作用。但是我国法律一直没有将“孤证不能定案”作为一项原则或规则进行明确,学界对于“孤证不能定案”也没能达成较为统一的解读,这都使该规则在适用过程中产生了诸如沦为纯粹数量规则从而导致事实认定模式僵化等突出问题。本文对“孤证不能定案”规则从历史学考察、域内外对比以及不同规则间的比较分析三方面进行了多维度解读与反思,得出了我们在刑事司法程序中应当在限定“孤证”的范围与类别的前提下对“孤证不能定案”规则进行有限适用的结论。

"Isolated evidence can’t make a final decision"has always been an important notion in China’s criminal procedure law,which has a very wide range of application in judicial practice.It not only plays an important role in examining the probative force of single evidence and judging part of the facts of the case,but also plays a dominant role in comprehensively determining the facts of the whole case.However,the law of our country has not made it clear as a principle or rule,and the academic circle has not reached a more unified interpretation of the rule,which makes the rule produce some prominent problems in the application process,such as becoming a pure quantity rule,which leads to the rigidity of the mode of fact determination.This paper makes a multidimensional interpretation and reflection on the rule of"Isolated evidence can’t make a final decision"from three aspects:historical investigation,comparison within and outside the field,and comparative analysis between different rules,then comes to the conclusion that we should limit the scope and category of"isolated evidence"in the criminal justice process.