博物馆物的展示与美育职能发挥

The Display of Museum Objects and the Function of Aesthetic Education

基于实物的展示使观众获得直接经验是博物馆教育的特色与优长之处。博物馆展览中物的集中展示包含三层现象意义:一是物的凸显,这种凸显具有文化物证性、符号标出性、正式隆重性。二是物的集会,物按照一定的秩序聚集、组合、陈列,在展场中呈现出所蕴含的文化关系。三是物的表演,物在表演中,与观众发生对话。博物馆展场形成了一个具有实体文化的文化教育场,物的集中展示最直接地促进着感性的审美经验产生,显在地发挥着美育职能。博物馆作为重要的社会教育机构与文化服务机构,需要按照主流文化的导向发挥社会美育职能。

It is the characteristic and advantage of museum education to make the audience obtain direct experience based on the display of objects.The centralized display of objects in museum exhibitions contains three layers of phenomenal significance:first.the prominence ol objects,which shows the characteristics of cultural material evidence,symbol marking and formal grandness.The second is the gathering of objects,objects are gathered,combined and displayed according to a certain order,and present the cultural relationship contained in the exhibition.The third is the performance of objects.In the performance,there is a dialogue between objects and the audience.The museum exhibition forms a cultural and educational field with objective culture.The concentrated display of objects directly promotes the generation of perceptual aesthetic experience and explicitly plays the role of aesthetic education.As an important social education institution and cultural service organization,the museum needs to play the role of social aesthetic education according to the orientation of mainstream culture.