美育在早期中国美术现代化进程中的语境生成——以19世纪末至20世纪30年代为中心

Contextual Generation of A esthetic Education in Early Chinese Art Modernization Process:Focusing on the Late 19th Century to the 1930s

美育与美术于近代中国美术的现代化进程中有着不可分割的联系,特别是在19世纪末至20世纪30年代,美术领域的革命与运动,为现代美育理论与实践的发展构建了独特的语境。面对东方和西方、传统与现代、旧学与新学的交织,美术的转型、思潮的涌现和演进都在不同程度上影响着各种形式的美术教育,从而推动了中国现代美育传统的建立。中国美术的现代化进程,既完成了从文人精英向通俗大众的场域转型,形成了从“私美”向“公美”演变的基本美育逻辑,又在西方本位与民族本位的立场之争中,构成了美育实践的多元思路,更随着科学理性与人文感性的价值之辩,显现出具体而深刻的发展态势。

Aesthetic education and fine arts are inextricably linked in the moderniza tion process of modern Chinese fine arts.Especially from the end of the 19th century to the 1930s,the revolution and movement in the field of fine arts set up a unique context for the development of modern aesthetic education theory and practice.In the face of the interweaving of East and West,tradition and modern,old and new learning,the transformation of art.the emergence and evolution of thoughts have influenced various forms of art education to varying degrees,thus promoting the establishment of Chinese modern aesthetic education tradition.The modernization of Chinese painting,transformed the field from the literati elite to popular public,forming the basic aesthetic logic evolution from the beauty of the“private”to the beauty of the“public”,and also in the competition of the position of western standard and national standard,constituted a multiple way of thinking of aesthetic education practice;moreover,with the debate of the value of scientific rationality and humanistic sensibility,a concrete and profound developing trend was able to present.