我国儿童体格发育调查研究的历史回顾、成绩、问题与展望

History,achievements,problems and prospects of survey and research on physical growth and development of children in China

我国的儿童体格发育调查研究工作可以追溯到20世纪一二十年代。在1975年开展了首次全国性的儿童体格发育调查之后,相继出现了其他有代表性的调查研究。生长水平提高和营养不良下降是我国儿童发展健康领域取得的重大成绩。截至目前,我国已基本建成了中国儿童生长评价体系。儿童生长与营养进入新发展阶段,生长长期趋势放缓、超重肥胖检出率反超营养不良。儿童超重肥胖快速增长的态势未得到有效遏制,可能将面对在农村和中流行区高速增长的挑战。

The survey and research on physical growth and development of children in China can be traced back to the the 1910sand 1920s.After the first national survey on children′s physical growth and development was launched in 1975,other representative surveys and researches have emerged in succession.The improvement in growth levels and the decline in undernutrition are major achievements in the field of child development in China.Up to now,China has built a set of growth evaluation system for Chinese children.Children′s growth and nutrition in China have entered a new stage of development,with a slowdown in the long-term growth trend and a reversal of the detection rate of overweight and obesity from undernutrition.Overall,the rapid increase of overweight and obesity among children has not been effectively curbed,and China may face the challenge that rural area and medium epidemic area are growing at a high rate.