GABA能系统在Tourette综合征中的作用及治疗展望

Role of GABAergic system in the pathogenesis and treatment of Tourette syndrome in children

Tourette综合征(TS)是一种儿童和青少年中患病率约为1%的慢性神经精神障碍性疾病。临床特征为眨眼、摇头等头面以及躯干、四肢等部位骨骼肌的突发的、不自主性的抽动症状和发声抽搐。目前TS的发病机制不明,尚缺乏有效的治疗手段。γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是哺乳动物大脑中主要的抑制性神经递质。有研究显示,GABA能系统的失衡参与了多种神经精神疾病的发生发展。近年来,GABA能系统在TS中的作用被大家关注。目前研究集中在GABA能代谢途径的异常以及TS患者肠道菌群GABA代谢的变化。但目前没有特定治疗TS的GABA能系统药物。该文提供了关于GABA能系统在TS病理生理学中的作用以及其作为新治疗的潜在靶点。

Childhood Tourette syndrome(TS)is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder with a prevalence of about 1%in children and adolescents.Its clinical features include sudden,involuntary twitching symptoms such as eye blinking,head shaking,and tics involving other muscles of the face,trunk,and limbs,as well as vocal tics.At present,the pathogenesis of TS is currently not clear,and there is no effective treatment for TS.γ-aminobotyric acid(GABA)is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain.Some studies have shown that the imbalance of GABAergic system is involved in the occurrence and development of many neuropsychiatric diseases.In recent years,the role of GABAergic system in TS has gained much attention.Current research focuses on the abnormality of GABAergic metabolic pathway and the changes of GABA metabolism of intestinal flora in TS patients.However,there are no specific GABAergic drugs developed for the treatment of TS.This review provides insights into the role of the GABAergic system in the pathophysiology of TS and its potential as a novel therapeutic target.