兰州市中小学生睡眠健康状况及影响因素

Sleep health status and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Lanzhou City

目的了解兰州市中小学生睡眠健康状况及可能的影响因素,为改善中小学生睡眠提供理论依据。方法2021年通过问卷星调查兰州市8934名10~15岁中小学生及其家长。使用自制问卷测量睡眠时间,小学、初中、高中生睡眠时间不足10、9、8h为不达标(GB/T 17223-2012),使用父母教养方式问卷、反刍思维量表、手机依赖量表测量相关因素,采用Logistic回归分析睡眠不达标的影响因素。结果兰州市10~15岁中小学生睡眠时间达标率为23.1%。学业压力很重(OR=1.686)、父母教养方式为过度保护(OR=1.013)、父亲受教育程度高(大专、本科、硕士OR分别为1.399、1.731、2.045)、症状反刍(OR=1.016)、手机依赖低效性(OR=1.035)是睡眠时间不达标的危险因素(P<0.05)。学业压力很轻(OR=0.796)、手机依赖逃避性(OR=0.951)、一般在乎老师评价(OR=0.694)、非常不在乎同学评价(OR=0.458)是睡眠时间不达标的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论兰州市中小学生睡眠时间达标率过低。睡眠时间与学业压力、教养方式、父亲受教育程度、症状反刍、手机依赖、对同学和老师评价在乎程度有关。应采取有效措施,以提高中小学生睡眠时间达标率。

Objective To understand the status of sleep health among primary and secondary school students in Lanzhou City and its potential influencing factors,in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving sleep quality among students.Methods In 2021,a survey was conducted through Wenjuanxing platform among 8934 primary and secondary school students and their parents in Lanzhou City.Sleep duration of the students was measured by self-made questionnaire.Insufficient sleep duration was defined as sleep duration less than 10,9,8 hours per day for primary,secondary and high school according to GB/T 17223-2012,respectively.Influencing factors were measured by Parental Bonding Instrument,Ruminative Responses Scale,and the Mobile Phone Addiction Index.Logistic regression analysis was adopted to identify factors influencing substandard sleep duration.Results Only 23.1%of students aged 10 to 15 years in Lanzhou met the standard sleep duration requirements.Heavy academic pressure(OR=1.686),overprotective parenting(OR=1.013),higher level of father′s education(ORs of vocational school,undergraduate,and postgraduate degree were 1.399,1.731,and 2.045,respectively),symptom rumination(OR=1.016),and inefficient mobile phone dependence(OR=1.035)were identified as risk factors for inadequate sleep duration(P<0.05).Minimal academic stress(OR=0.796),avoidance of mobile phone addiction(OR=0.951),general concern for teacher′s evaluation(OR=0.694),strong indifference to peer evaluation(OR=0.45)were protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusions The compliance rate of sleep duration in primary and secondary school students is low in Lanzhou.Academic stress,parenting styles,father′s education level,symptom rumination,mobile phone addiction and concern for evaluations from peers or teachers have association with sleep duration.Effective measures should be implemented to increase the compliance rate of sleep duration in primary and secondary school students.