重庆市某区二孩出生前后大孩行为变化及其影响因素

Behavior changes and influencing factors of firstborn children before and after the birth of the second children in a district of Chongqing

目的探索二孩出生后大孩行为变化及其影响因素,为后续二孩家庭相处模式提供参考。方法2019年3—12月在重庆市某区两所三甲医院招募94名怀二孩的孕中晚期母亲,通过问卷调查了解大孩情况,并随访至二孩2月龄时。采用Logistic回归模型分析人口学特征、家庭因素与大孩行为变化关系。结果94名大孩中男童43人,女童51人,平均年龄(4.25±2.31)岁。二孩2月龄时,大孩行为均发生了变化,57.4%的大孩以积极行为变化为主导,61.7%的大孩积极和消极行为并存。单因素分析结果显示:大孩年龄、与父母关系、父亲教养方式、对大孩的抚养方式是大孩各种行为变化的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄较大(OR=2.543,95%CI:1.196~5.366)的大孩更容易发生对母亲/二孩的积极行为变化;隔代和亲代共同抚养(OR=3.402,95%CI:1.033~11.195)的大孩更容易发生对自身的消极行为变化。结论二孩出生后2月龄时,大孩行为均发生了变化,且大多数大孩表现为积极和消极行为并存,并以积极变化为主,其中年龄、大孩的抚养方式为大孩行为变化的主要影响因素。

Objective To explore the behavior changes of the firstborn children after the birth of the second children,and to analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide reference for the firstborn children getting along with the second children.Methods From March to December 2019,94mothers in the middle and late stages of pregnancy who were pregnant with a second child were recruited from two tertiary hospitals in a district of Chongqing to learn about the situation of their first child through questionnaires,and were followed up until the second child was 2months old.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation of demographic characteristics and family factors with behavioral changes of firstborn children.Results Among the 94firstborn children,43were boys and 51were girls,with an average age of(4.25±2.31)years old.When the second child was 2months old,the behavior changes occurred in all the firstborn children.Among them,57.4%were dominated by positive behavior changes,and 61.7%had both positive and negative behaviors.Univariate analysis showed that firstborn children′s age,relationship with parents,parenting style of father and parenting way were influencing factors of behavioral changes of the firstborn children(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that firstborn children with older age(OR=2.543,95%CI:1.196-5.366)were more likely to have positive behavior changes towards their mother/second child,while those with intergenerational and co-parental rearing(OR=3.402,95%CI:1.033-11.195)were more likely to have negative behavior changes towards themselves.Conclusions Two months after the birth of the second child,the firstborn children all experience behavioral changes,and most of them show both positive and negative behavior,with positive changes predominating.Age and parenting way are the main influencing factors of behavior changes of the firstborn children.