颜氏第三代立体视觉检查图在学龄前儿童近立体视检查中的应用评价

Evaluation of the application of third-generation stereoscopic examination chart in preschool children′s near stereoscopic examination

目的分析颜氏第三代立体视觉检查图(YRDS3)对学龄前儿童的适用性,为儿童近立体视检查方法的选择提供参考。方法采用横断面调查,整群抽取海淀区5所幼儿园3~6岁1021名儿童,进行视力、眼位、YRDS3和Titmus近立体视检查,按视力和眼位是否正常分为正常儿童组和异常儿童组,对两种立体视检查方法的立体视锐度结果进行统计学分析,观察各年龄段儿童立体视分布特征,比较两组儿童立体视分布差异及两种检查方法的一致性。结果3岁儿童YRDS3的检查成功率86.0%,4岁儿童93.9%;视力和眼位正常组和异常组儿童两种立体视检查的立体视分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(Z=3.891,4.376,P<0.05);正常组3~岁、4~岁、5~岁和6~岁儿童Titmus的P95值分别为200″、100″、60″和70″,YRDS3的P95值分别为91″、60″、60″和60″;对于6岁以上儿童,YRDS3结果与Titmus结果具有一致性(Z=1.732,P>0.05)。结论YRDS3适用于学龄前儿童,3~4岁儿童的立体视锐度已达60″,支持郭静秋关于儿童立体视成熟期为3岁的结论。

Objective To explore the applicability of Yan′s Third-Generation Stereoscopic Test Charts(Yan Random Dot Stereo 3,YRDS3)in preschool children,in order to provide reference for choosing an appropriate method in preschool children′s near stereoscopic examination.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1021 children aged 3—6 years from 5 kindergartens in Haidian District.All children were examined for visual acuity,ocular deviation,YRDS3 and Titmus near stereoscopic examination.According to whether vision and ocular deviation are normal,children were divided into normal group and abnormal group.The stereoacuity results of the two stereopsis examination methods were statistically analyzed,and the stereopsis distribution characteristics of children of all ages were observed.The differences of stereopsis distribution between the two groups and the consistency of the two examination methods were compared.Results The success rate of 3-year-old children′s YRDS3 examination was 86.0%,and that of 4-year-old children was 93.9%.There was statistical difference in stereoscopic distribution between normal vision and ocular deviation group and abnormal group(Z=3.891,4.376,P<0.05).The P95 values of 3-year-old,4-year-old,5-year-old and 6-year-old children′s Titmus in normal group were 200″,100″,60″and 70″,respectively.And the P95 values of YRDS3 for those were 91″,60″,60″and 60″respectively.For children older than 6 years old,the results of YRDS3 were consistent with those of Titmus(Z=1.732,P>0.05).Conclusions YRDS3 is suitable for preschool children.The stereoacuity of 3-to 4-year-old children has reached 60″,which supports Guo Jing-qiu′s conclusion that the stereoacuity of children is at 3 years old.