东亚货币金融合作的新背景、新机遇和新挑战

New Contexts,Opportunities,and Challenges for Monetary and Financial Cooperation in East Asia

货币金融合作是区域经济一体化的重要内容,两者互相促进,相辅相成。早在应对1997年亚洲金融危机时,东亚地区就开始了货币金融合作的尝试并取得了一些进展。如今多边的东亚货币金融合作基本处于停滞状态,存在清迈倡议多边化协议可操作性欠缺、地区地缘政治环境复杂、对美元依赖程度较深、合作主导力量缺失、官方合作缺乏可持续性等问题。当前,东亚区域货币金融合作面临着新形势,包括人民币国际化、官方“去美元化”以及金融科技与央行数字货币的蓬勃发展。这些新背景为东亚的货币金融合作带来了新机遇,人民币国际化的快速发展为东亚货币金融合作注入了新的动力,金融科技与央行数字货币的蓬勃发展为东亚货币金融合作扩展了新的领域。但同时也带来了新的挑战,如地缘政治竞争加剧、央行数字货币跨境使用监管和治理难度较大等。面对这些挑战,东亚各国需要共同努力应对,促进区域货币金融合作行稳致远,进而推动东亚经济一体化发展。

Monetary and financial cooperations are vital aspects of regional economic integration that support and enhance each other.East Asia initiated monetary and financial cooperations after the 1997 Asian financial crisis,which have achieved some progress but now reach a standstill.East Asian regional monetary and financial cooperation faces new landscapes,including the internationalization of the RMB,official de-dollarization,and the flourishing development of financial technology and central bank digital currency(CBDC).These landscapes present new opportunities for East Asian monetary and financial cooperation,the rapid development of RMB internationalization injects new impetus,while the vibrant growth of financial technology and CBDC explores new fields.However,they also introduce new challenges,such as intensified geopolitical competition,regulations for cross-border capital flows and regional governance in East Asia.East Asian need to overcome challenges collectively and exploit opportunities,thereby propelling regional monetary and financial cooperation toward a more active and senior stage.