忘却的纪念:中国电影放映事业先驱雷玛斯考

"Forgotten Memory: A Study on Antonio Ramos, A Trailblazer of Film Exhibition in China."

虽然雷玛斯(Antonio Ramos Espejo)是公认的中国电影放映事业的先行者,但关于其生平及在上海的活动记载大多语焉不详,错漏甚多。本文参考中、英及西班牙文文献,初步理清雷玛斯来华之前以及其在上海的电影事业的一些史实。同时,本文对于雷玛斯开设的一些影院及与他有关人物的情况也进行了梳理。在中国电影放映事业的草创阶段,雷玛斯是主流文化边缘移民的代表人物。他们背井离乡,甘冒风险,投身于电影这一前途未明的崭新行业。正是雷玛斯们的努力,开启了轰轰烈烈的中国电影事业。

Although Antonio Ramos Espejo has long been recognized as the trailblazer of film exhibition in China in academia,the existing historical records on his life and career in Shanghai are either sketchy or rife with inaccuracies.This article pieces together information from various Chinese,English,and Spanish sources to offer a more detailed account of Antonio Ramos’s life before his arrival in China and his career in this cosmopolitan city.Meanwhile,this article also constitutes an attempt to arrive at a fuller understanding the theaters Ramos established and the careers of his friends and associates.Antonio Ramos was an exemplary figure of the first-generation film exhibitors in China,who were culturally marginalized and ventured into a fast-growing but highly risky business of motion picture.Their strenuous efforts paved the way for the rise of China’s film industry beginning in the 1920 s,which finally evolved into a billion-dollar business in the past several years in China.