数字新闻学的理念再造与范式革新——基于在三个国家展开的研究

The conceptual reconstruction and paradigmatic innovation of digital journalism——Based on field studies in three countries

本文采用带有扎根理论色彩的质性研究思路,通过对来自三个国家17家新闻机构的84位新闻从业者的深度访谈和主题分析,考察传统新闻学的三个核心理念——真实、客观、民主——在数字新闻行动者群体中的认知和认同情况。研究发现,真实逐渐从本质主义概念演变为操作性概念,客观的话语消融于新兴的情感话语,而民主的理念则得到进一步的强化。本文进而提出,数字新闻学理论体系与传统新闻学理论体系之间形成了一种"解构性继承"的关系,数字新闻学的理论体系在形式上应该主要由建构主义的新闻生产理论与人文主义的新闻价值理论共同构成。

Adopting qualitative research methods with grounded theoretical characteristics and data from the in-depth interviews and thematic analysis of 84 journalists from 17 news organizations in three countries,this paper examines the perception and identification of the three core concepts of traditional journalism——truth,objectivity and democracy——among the groups of digital news actors.The study found that truth has gradually evolved from an essentialist concept to an operational concept,objective discourse has melted into the emerging emotional discourse,while the idea of democracy has been further strengthened.This article further proposes that a relationship of"deconstructive inheritance"has developed between theories of traditional and digital journalism.Formally,the theoretical system digital journalism theory should be mainly composed of constructivist news production theory and humanistic news value system theory in its constitution.