“预聘—长聘”制度对理科基础学科科研产出的影响

The Influence of“Tenure-Track”System on Scientific Research Output in the Basic Disciplines of Science

“预聘—长聘”制度是我国人事制度改革的重要一环。理科基础学科是知识之基和创新之本,在科技发展中占据重要地位。以一流大学建设高校理科基础学科为研究对象,采用多期双重差分法分析“预聘—长聘”制度对其科研产出的影响。研究发现:“预聘—长聘”制度显著提升了一流大学建设高校理科基础学科科研产出的数量,但对其科研产出的影响力具有一定的负向影响。虽然我国一流大学建设高校实施“预聘—长聘”制度前后理科基础学科的CNCI指数及JNCI指数均高于世界平均水平,但与国际顶尖大学的理科基础学科相比,仍存在较大差距。基于此,高校应建立健全分类评价体系,实施以代表作制度为核心、以同行评议为主的评价方式;建立良好的制度环境,提升“预聘—长聘”制度考核标准的专业性与科学性;塑造基层学术组织文化,激发学科建设的责任感与使命感,进而强化基础研究,解决“卡脖子”问题。

The“tenure-track”system is an important part of China's personnel system reform.The basic disciplines of science are the foundation of knowledge and innovation and occupy an important position in the advancement of science and technology.Taking the basic disciplines of science at universities listed in the“Double World-Class Project”as the research object,this paper analyzes influences of the“tenure-track”system on scientific research output by using difference-in-differences with multiple time periods.It finds that the“tenure-track”system significantly increases the quantity of scientific research output in the basic disciplines of science,but has a negative impact on the influence of scientific research output.Although the CNCI index and JNCI index in the basic disciplines of science before and after the implementation of the“tenure-track”system at the targeted universities are higher than the world average,there is still a big gap with comparison to those of world top universities.Based on this,higher education institutions should improve the classification evaluation system,implement the evaluation method that takes the representative output system as the core and let peer review play the leading role,establish a good environment to enhance the professional and scientific nature of assessment standards of the“tenure-track”system,shape the academic organizational culture at the grassroots level,and inspire a sense of responsibility and mission of discipline construction,so as to strengthen the basic research and solve the problem of“stuck neck”in the field of basic research.