一流学科发展的三维评价模型及建设策略分析

Assessing the Development of the First-Class Disciplines:A Three-Dimension Model

学科评价是衡量学科发展水平、推动我国一流学科建设的重要机制。当前学科评价多强调资源投入和学术成果产出的体量,而较少体现学科对区域和国家发展的真实贡献、学科建设中的资源配置效率,以及学科的可持续发展潜力等方面,不利于引导学科迈向真正的一流。结合我国当前学科评价的相关实践进展与理论反思,本文试提出一流学科发展评价的三个维度:发展效益、发展效率和可持续发展度。只有三个维度都表现出较高水平,一流学科发展才实至名归。本文先分别对三个维度的理论内涵、政策依据和评价要素进行阐释;然后归纳出不同学科在该三维评价模型中可能出现的五种典型发展态势,分析相应的发展瓶颈,并提出建设策略。一流学科发展的三维评价模型旨在为我国当前的学科评价政策和实践提供改进建议,同时也为相关高校与学科负责人提供学科发展的一个自审框架,引导其制定科学合理的学科建设策略,以真正实现以评促建。

Discipline assessment is an important mechanism for measuring the development levels of disciplines and for pushing to build the first-class disciplines in China.The existing practices in discipline assessment put emphasis on the volume of resource inputs and academic outputs,with little attention paid to aspects such as the real contribution of disciplines to the regional and national development,the efficiency of resource allocation,and the potential for maintaining sustainable development of disciplines,which hinder the efforts from guiding disciplines to step towards the first-class excellence.Based on the current practice and theoretical review concerning discipline assessment in China,this paper proposes a three-dimension assessment model focusing on effectiveness,efficiency and sustainability.Only a discipline that excels in the three dimensions is qualified to be the first-class.This paper firstly elaborates the theoretical connotations,policy basis and evaluating elements of the three dimensions,and then summarizes five typical development scenarios.It continues to analyze development bottleneck for each development scenario and put forward construction strategies.The three-dimension assessment model aims to offer some suggestions for improvement to the existing theories and practices of discipline assessment.Meanwhile,it provides a self-evaluation framework for higher education institutions and assists them to formulate scientific and rational strategies for discipline development,so as to truly achieve the goal of promoting construction by assessment.