学科整体主义与多元学科发展逻辑

Discipline Holism and Multi-Logic of Discipline Development

持续开展学科建设,不断提高大学学科水平是我国高等教育内涵式发展和高等教育高质量发展的重要组成部分。在建设高等教育强国进程中,正确认识学科本质、学科发展逻辑等基本问题是高校持续推进学科建设制度设计的前提。在学科发展历史中一直贯穿着整体主义与还原主义的思想纠葛。从历史视角和现实效果来看,整体主义的学科观更符合学科的本质。在认识学科整体主义的概念和内涵的基础上,基于学科整体主义观点提出单一学科发展、在原有规制基础上发展、突破部分规制发展、新兴学科发展四类学科发展逻辑。

To continuously promote discipline construction and improve the level of disciplines of universities are important integral components of both the intensive development and highquality development of China’s higher education.In the process of building China into a higher education power,some fundamental issues such as to gain a rational understanding of the essence and the development logic of disciplines are the pre-conditions for designing a well-functioned system of discipline construction.The ideological entanglement between holism and reductionism has been running through the history of discipline development.Viewing through the historical perspective and realistic effects,the holistic view of disciplines is more in line with the nature of disciplines.After examining the concept and connotation of discipline holism,the paper proposes four logics for discipline development:development of a single discipline,development within the original framework,development with some breakthroughs,and development of emerging disciplines.