民航飞行CO_(2)排放及其对气候变化影响研究综述

Review of Research on CO_(2) Emissions from Civil Aviation Flights and Its Impact on Climate Change

碳排放是国际社会共同关注的热点,从碳减排到碳中和,已成为全球共同的目标。CO_(2)是航空飞行排放中最丰富的气体,尽管在人类活动碳排放总量中占比不大,但其影响会成数倍增加,因此,全球性应对气候变化的共同行动使得航空运输业必须重视CO_(2)排放。随着我国民航业快速发展,航空燃油消耗所产生的碳排放也在不断增长,这就给我国实现碳减排目标徒增压力,所以,民航飞行碳排放的气候变化效应问题就显得十分重要,且具有很强的科学性。国内外特别是国际上就这一课题进行了较多研究,形成了较丰富的成果。通过对相关主要成果的深入研阅和凝练,从碳排放测算、碳排放对气候变化的影响等方面评述了目前较为主流的航空飞行碳排放及其气候变化效应的研究进展和工作动态,并提出了未来的探索方向。通过对航空飞行排放影响的另一个角度的梳理总结,有助于未来更加全面地认识气候变化问题,以期为相关部门学者和科技工作者开展我国科学全面的减排对策研究提供参考。

Carbon emissions are major a focus of the international community, and carbon reduction and neutralization have become common global goals. CO_(2)is the most abundant gas emitted during aviation flight.Although it accounts for a small proportion of the total carbon emissions from human activities, its impact will increase considerably. The joint action of the global response to climate change has caused the aviation industry to pay attention to its CO_(2)emissions. With the rapid development of China’s civil aviation industry, the carbon emissions generated by aviation fuel consumption are also growing, which will increase the pressure on China to achieve its carbon emission reduction goal. Therefore, the effect of carbon emissions from civil aviation on climate change is an important topic for scientific research. Many studies have been conducted on this subject,especially internationally, with significant achievements. Here, we review the current mainstream research progress and work trends of aviation carbon emissions and their effects on climate change from the perspective of carbon emission measurement and the impact of carbon emissions on climate change, and propose future exploration. This review summarizes the impact of aviation emissions from a different perspective, which will help to gain a more comprehensive understanding of climate change in the future and provide a reference for scholars and scientists from relevant departments to conduct scientific and comprehensive research on emission reduction measures in China to more effectively cope with climate change.