深海底边界层动力特征及其沉积效应研究进展

Research Progress on the Dynamics of the Deep-sea Bottom Boundary Layer and Its Sedimentation Effect

深海底边界层动力特征直接调控深海沉积过程,属于深海科学最关键的能量和物质交换层。虽然根据有限的观测发现深海海底边界层动力特征受控于海洋多尺度运动,与深海底边界层理论结果存在较大差异,但深海底边界层多时空变化特征对深海沉积过程的影响仍缺少系统的定量研究。结合已有的理论、现场观测、水槽实验与数值模拟结果,针对以下要点进行回顾和总结:①深海底边界层流场的基本特征及湍流特性;②潮汐、内波、中尺度涡以及大尺度环流的深海底边界层动力特征及其沉积效应。可为进一步开展以深海底边界层动力观测为基础的深海沉积动力学研究提供参考。

The dynamics of the deep-sea Bottom Boundary Layer(BBL)directly control the deep-sea sedimentation process,making it the most important energy and material exchange layer in deep-sea science.According to existing sporadic observations,BBL dynamics controlled by multi-scale motions in the ocean differ greatly from current theories,and there remains a lack of systematic quantitative studies on the deep-sea sedimentation process influenced by BBL dynamics.Based on the theoretical framework,sporadic in-situ observations,and numerical and laboratory research,the following points are reviewed and summarized herein:①Basic characteristics of BBL flow and its turbulent characteristics;②Effects of tides,internal waves,mesoscale eddies,and large-scale circulation on the BBL dynamics in the deep sea.This review provides a background for further research on deep-sea sediment dynamics based on observations of BBL dynamic processes.