犯罪化理论

Theories of Criminalization

本文的研究对象为犯罪化理论。首先,本文讨论了宪法对犯罪化的影响,宪法法院避免宣布刑法条文违宪的倾向,民主作为犯罪化理论的替代物,以及犯罪化理论与宪法理论之间的联系。其次,本文讨论了法益说,损害原则,对于“他人权利”、道德价值和集体利益的保护。最后,本文探讨了在犯罪化理论下,应该预防什么样的行为,并重点讨论了涉及最后手段与犯罪归责的调和原则。

This chapter examines theories of criminalization.It first considers the impact of constitutional law on criminalization and constitutional courts’tendency to avoid declaring criminal prohibitions unconstitutional,democracy as a substitute for criminalization theory,and the link between criminalization theory and constitutional theory.It also discusses the doctrine of legal goods,the harm principle,and protection of the“rights of others,”moral valuse,and collective interests.Finally,the chapter explores what kind of conduct should be prevented under criminalization theory,with an emphasis on mediating principles regarding ultima ratio and attribution.