结果无价值论下过失犯的“结果回避可能性”

On the“Possibility of Avoidance of Result”of Negligent Crime under the Theory of Erfolgsunrecht(Result-oriented Wrongdoing)

结果回避可能性问题的核心是在行为时判断行为规范对防止结果是否有效,不能防止结果的行为规范在行为时不值得遵守,这是行为无价值论的逻辑。结果无价值论不会在行为时判断行为是否符合行为规范,违法性的判断资料只有事后认定的现实因果经过和结果,因此结果无价值论逻辑下没有结果回避可能性问题。结果无价值论也能说明结果回避可能性,即从事后判断临界时刻行为人是否采取防止结果发生的行为。行为无价值论则从事前认定违反注意义务,然后从事后判断假定履行该注意义务时,能否避免行为时发生结果。过失犯的实行行为在结果无价值论和行为无价值论下可能不同,在结果无价值论下是在临界时刻没有采取防止结果发生的行为,在行为无价值论下是违反事前存在的注意义务的行为。

The core of the problem of result avoidance possibility is to judge whether the code of conduct is effective in preventing the result.The code of conduct that cannot prevent the result is not worth abiding by in the behavior,which is the logic of behavior worthless.The result worthless theory will not judge whether the behavior conforms to the code of conduct at the time of behavior.The judgment data of illegality only include the actual causal process and result determined afterwards.Therefore,there is no of the problem of result avoidance possibility under the logic of result worthless theory.The theory of result worthless can also explain the possibility of result avoidance,that is,judge whether the actor takes the behavior to prevent the result at the critical moment after engaging in.The theory of behavior worthless determines the violation of the duty of care before engaging,and then judges whether the result of behavior can be avoided when assuming the performance of the duty of care after engaging.The implementation behavior of negligent crime may be different under the theory of result worthless and behavior worthless.Under the theory of result worthless,it is the behavior that does not take measures to prevent the occurrence of results at the critical moment,and under the theory of behavior worthless,it is the behavior that violates the pre-existing duty of care.