“我们生活在一个城市世界”:孟加拉国城市化刍议

“We Live in an Urban World”:A Rustic Opinion on Urbanization in Bangladesh

21世纪以来,全球城市化进程加快了节奏,“我们生活在一个城市世界”成为人类直面的一个重大现实问题。以帕克为首的芝加哥学派在20世纪初就注意到城市研究的重要性,然而已有研究主要关注发达国家及城市,对发展中国家尤其欠发达国家的城市调查研究较少。孟加拉国是世界上欠发达国家的典型,其城市化模式既有发展中国家之共性,也有一些独有的特征,在卷入全球城市化浪潮后,因工业不发达,从农业社会向工业社会转型的过程中,农业开始凋敝,工业没有发展起来,城市化发展主要依靠服务业推动,工业扮演着相对次要的角色,经济发展和城市化发展的不协调,城市化呈畸形发展。这样的城市化现象普遍存在于非洲、南美洲和亚洲的许多国家和城市,需要我们重视并正视问题之症结,总结相关经验,服务于全球城市治理,在城市治理中充分挖掘和利用城市化带来的福利,推进全球城市共同体的构建。

Since the 21st century,the pace of global urbanization has accelerated,and“we live in an urban world”has become a major realistic problem facing mankind.The Chicago School led by Robert E Park noticed the importance of urban studies in the early 20th century.However,existing studies mainly focus on developed countries and cities,and few studies on the urban experience of developing countries,especially underdeveloped countries,Bangladesh is a typical representative of underdeveloped countries in the world,as it is late in establishing a nation state and starting urbanization.Its urbanization pattem has both common and unique features of developing countries,after being involved in the global urbanization wave,due to the underdeveloped industry,in the process of transforming from an agricultural society to an industrial society,agriculture began to decline and industry did not develop,the development of urbanization mainly relicd on the service industry,and industry played a relatively minor role,the pace of economic development is inconsistent with that of urbanization,which leads to abnormal development.Such urbanization phenomenon is widespread in many countries and cities in Africa,South America and Asia We need to pay attention to and face up to the crux of the problemn,sum up relevant experience,and serve the global urban governance,The influence of urbanization on a country is not absolute,which brings both hope and problems,We cannot reject urbanization,but should respect and conform to the trend of urbanization devel-opment,fully tap and utilize the benefits brought by urbanization in urban governance,and promote the construction of global urban community.