沦陷时期天津电影院经营探析

Investigation on the management of Tientsin's cinemas during the enemy occupation

沦陷时期,作为一种新型的城市公共空间,电影院在民众日常生活中发挥着重要作用。因战争环境下城市人口增加,民众逃避现实的心理,天津影院出现“繁荣”的景象。日伪不断加强对影片的审查力度,奴化电影逐步占据主导地位,使影院经营亦潜伏着危机。太平洋战争爆发后,民众生活日益艰难,影片供应不足,宣传电影与义演增多,导致影院陷入经营困境。通过采取多元化经营,改善观影环境及迎合观众口味等因应措施,影院勉力维持运营。到沦陷后期,天津电影业走向衰落的态势已无法扭转。影业由“盛”转衰的演进趋势在沦陷区城市中具有一定的普遍性,是日伪控制与掠夺政策的必然结果。

During the enemy occupation,as a new type of urban public space,cinemas played an important role in people's daily life,Due to the increase of urban population in the war environment and the people's psychology of escapism,T ientsin cinemas have an unprecedented“prosperity”.The Japanese puppet continued to strengthen the censorship of films,and enslaved films gradually occupied a dominant position,which also lurked a crisis in the operation of cinemas,After the outbreak of the Pacific War,people's life became difficult,the film supply was insufficient,and the number of promotional films and free performances increased,leading to the operation of cinemas in trouble.By adopting diversified operation,improving the viewing environment and catering to the tastes of the audience,the cinemas strived to maintain its operation.The late period of the Japanese occupation,the decline of Tientsin film industry could not be reversed.The evolution trend of the film industry from“prosperity”to decline had a certain universality in the enemy occupied cities,which was the inevitable result of the Japanese puppet control and plunder policy.