社会支持对缓刑人员孤独感的影响机制——基于上海的实证研究

Mechanisms of Social Support on Probationers'Loneliness--An Empirical Study Based on Shanghai

由于身份的特殊性,缓刑人员在回归社会的过程中会遭遇诸多排斥与挑战,这极易导致他们产生自卑、无助和孤独等负向心理。关注和纾解缓刑人员的心理问题不仅关乎其个体健康,更关乎社会的和谐稳定。本文基于2019年上海市缓刑人员的调查数据,考察社会支持对缓刑人员孤独感的影响机制,以期为精准有效的干预提供依据。研究发现,社会支持有助于降低缓刑人员的孤独感;应对方式在社会支持与孤独感间起到部分中介作用;自尊能够调节社会支持与孤独感之间的关系,即高水平的自尊可以强化社会支持对孤独感的积极影响。因此,可以从建构社会支持、提升自尊水平、掌握应对技能三方面帮助城市缓刑人员降低孤独感,促进其顺利回归社会。

Due to their special status,probationers encounter many social rejection and challenges in the process of returming to society,which easily leads to negative psychology such as low self-esteem,helplessness and loneliness.Paying attention to and alleviating the psychological problems of probaioners is not only about their individuaI health,but also about the harmony and stability of society.Based on the survey data of probationers in Shanghai in 2019,the influence mechanism of social support on loneliness of probationers was investigated in order to provide a basis for accurate and effective interventions,It was found that social support helps reduce probationers'loneliness;coping styles play a partially medliating role between social support and loneliness;and self-esteem can moderate the relationship between social support and loneliness,which means that high level of self-esteem can strengthen the positive effect of social support on loneliness.Therefore,constructing social support,improving self-esteem and mastering coping skills can help probationers reduce their loneliness and facilitate their smooth retun to society.