澳门地区近代历史的灾害与应对(1840—1949)

Disasters and Countermeasures in Macao region's modern history(1840-1949)

澳门地区自近代以来经历了火灾、风灾、鼠疫、霍乱等林林总总的灾害,这些灾害也深刻地影响了澳门地区社会的发展。火灾的发生与澳门地区的爆竹产业结构以及地小人多的环境有着密切的联系。1874年的"甲戌风灾"更是带来了惨重的人员伤亡和经济损失,并且《申报》将这场风灾与道德审判进行联系,展现了内地社会对于澳门地区持有较为负面的看法。此外,疾疫灾害同样困扰澳门地区社会多时,从1894年的港澳鼠疫爆发,到后来不断反复出现的霍乱,进一步展现了华人作为二等公民的艰难处境。其中也包含了殖民统治时期香港地区、澳门地区之间复杂微妙的关系,尽管两地商贸来往频繁交流密切,却也有着相互的角力与较量。

since modern times,Macao region has experienced numerous disasters such as fire,wind,plague,cholera and so on.These disasters have also profoundly affected the development of Macao region society.The occurrence of fire is closely related to Macao region's firecracker industrial structure and the environment with small land and large population.The"Jiaxu storm"in 1874 brought heavy casualties and economic losses,and Shenbao linked the storm with moral trial,showing that the China's mainland Society held a relatively negative view of Macao region.In addition,the plague also plagued Macao region's society for a long time,from the outbreak of the plague of Hong Kong region and Macao region in 1894 to the recurrent cholera that further revealed the difficult situation of Chinese as a two class citizen.It also included the complex and delicate relationship between Hong Kong region and Macao region during the colonial period.Although the two places had frequent busi-ness exchanges and close exchanges,they also had mutual struggles and competitions.