多元崇拜与趋时应变:近代上海传统行业的神缘文化

Multiple demands and time-dependent response:Shenyuan culture of traditional industries in modern Shanghai

祠祀神祇是近代上海传统行业及行业组织的重要活动之一。无论是晚清的会馆公所,还是民国的同业公会,其崇祀的神偶呈多样性,成为上海乡土崇拜多元化的重要组成部分。传统行业的神缘文化既能增强同乡、同业的凝聚力,也可借助神偶崇拜约束同业行止。20世纪后,沪地传统行业的神偶崇拜除财神崇祀贯穿整个近代几乎没有变化,其他祀神活动因时代变迁也有顺时的应变,因此传统行业的神缘文化既有趋时应变的趋向,又凸显近代上海营商本位的特点。考察上海传统行业的神缘文化不仅使我们对传统行业步入近代后的状况有了更具体和多视角的了解,也使我们对海派文化有了深入的认识。

Offering sacrifices to gods is one of the important activities of traditional industries and trade organizations in modern Shanghai.Whether in the guildhalls of the late Qing Dynasty or the trade associations of the Republic of China,the gods worshipped by them were diverse,which became an important part of the diversity of local worship in Shanghai.The traditional culture of god fate can not only enhance the cohesion of fellow townsmen and peers,but also restrain the same trade with the help of idol worship.After the 20 th century,the god puppet worship in traditional industries in Shanghai has hardly changed except for the worship of the god of wealth throughout the entire modern period Other god worship activities have also changed in time due to changes in the times.Therefore,the god-related culture in traditional industries has a tendency to adapt to the times,It also highlights the characteristics of modern Shanghai’s social business standard Investigating the shenyuan culture of Shanghai’s traditional industries not only gave us a more specific and multi-pespective understanding of the conditions of traditional industries after entering the modern era,but also have a better understanding of the traditional culture of Shanghai.