圣彼得堡市市徽的文化内涵、历史变化及影响初探

A Preliminary Study of the Cultural Connotation,Historical Change and Influence of the City Emblem of Saint Petersburg

圣彼得堡市市徽最早出现在1712年。1724年意大利设计师桑蒂伯爵设计了新的圣彼得堡市市徽并在1730年通过立法确认。作为俄罗斯新首都的圣彼得堡市的城市徽章是红色的盾牌上面描绘了相互交叉的银色海锚和河锚,以及在其背景下的金色权杖。锚的设计强调了圣彼得堡市是港口及其大都市的地位——帝国的首都(权杖),也表明俄罗斯作为一个海洋国家的地位。权杖意味着这个城市是首都,两个交叉的锚意味着它是海港和河港。伴随着历史进程,圣彼得堡市市徽的内容在1780、1856、1917年以及1991年先后几次发生了重大变化。1991年、2003年又通过立法恢复使用了历史上的市徽。圣彼得堡市市徽内容也是历史上的沙俄圣彼得堡省的省徽。今天列宁格勒州的州徽上的海锚仍然来自圣彼得堡市市徽,在涅瓦河铸造大桥的围栏上和1757年发行的五戈比的背面也可以看到圣彼得堡市市徽的形象。

The city emblem of Saint Petersburg first appeared in 1712.In 1724 the Italian designer Earl Santi designed the new city emblem of Saint Petersburg and passed it by law in1730.The city badge of St Petersburg,the new capital of Russia,is a red shield depicting silver sea anchors and river anchors crossing each other and the scepter in the background This design emphasizes the status of Saint Petersburg as a port and its metropolis-the capital of the empire.It also shows that Russia is a maritime empire.The scepter means that the city is the capital;the two crossed anchors mean that it is a harbour and a river port Along with the historical process,the content of the city emblem of Saint Petersburg has undergone major changes several times in 1780,1856,1917 and 1991.In 1991 and 2003,legislation was adopted to restore the historical city emblem.The content of the city emblem of Saint Petersburg is also the provincial emblem of the history of Saint Petersburg.Now the sea anchor on the emblem of the Leningrad Oblast is still derived from the city emblem of St Petersburg.The image of the city emblem of St Petersburg can also be seen on the fence of the casting bridge and on the back of the five kopecks issued in 1757.