近代上海法租界城市空间的变迁——以福开森路地区为中心

Changes of Urban Space in French Concession of Modern Shanghai——Regarding the Fukaisen Road Area as the Center

近代上海法租界福开森路地区形成于20世纪初,是指以福开森路为中心及其周边道路形成的城市空间。经过三十多年发展,福开森路地区逐渐成为上海"东方巴黎"的一个缩影。本研究根据上海档案馆原始档案研究发现,福开森路地区主要通过越界筑路、填浜筑路和隐蔽工程等道路空间系统建设,实现地区由乡村景观向城市景观的根本转变。法租界制定了一系列严格的建筑营造制度,客观上促进了福开森路地区清幽宜人的城市空间改进。同时,福开森路地区营造了成片精心设计的花园洋房、公寓住宅建筑,满足了不同人群的居住分异需求,并最终实现了地区社会生活、文化活动等方面的都市化发展。

The Fukaisen Road Area in the French Concession of modern Shanghai was developed in the early 20 th century,which refers to the urban space consists of the Fukaisen road and its surrounding roads.After more than 30 years of development,the Fukaisen Road Area has gradually formed the characteristics of"diversified heterogeneity"and"more elegant,more gentle and more popular",and has become a microcosm of"Oriental Paris"in Shanghai.Based on the original documents of Shanghai Municipal Archives,this study found that the transformation from rural landscape to urban landscape in the Fukaisen Road Area is realized mainly through the construction of road space system,such as cross-border road construction,river-filling road construction and underground works.The French Concession has established a series of strict building construction rules,which objectively promoted the improvement of the quiet and pleasant urban space in the Fukaisen Road Area.At the same time,a series of well-designed garden houses and apartment buildings were built in the area to meet the various living needs of different groups of people.Finally it realizes the urbanization development of regional social life,cultural activities and other aspects of the Fukaisen Road Area.