18世纪阿勒颇城市居民的高死亡率与公共医疗卫生

High Death Rates and Public Health Care among Urban Residents of Aleppo in the 18th Century

18世纪是世界经济大变革的时期,而阿勒颇城市居民的死亡率却极高,各种流行病、瘟疫频发。城市虽然形成了公共环境卫生体系,但仍有缺陷。在宗教职能萎缩、且阿勒颇经济出现了现代工商业因素的同时,作为城市社会保障重要部分的城市医疗卫生设施却没有根本改观,政府相关部门对医疗药品、公共健康缺乏关注。城市缺乏健康管理系统,医疗条件差、水平低,理念落后,且带有宗教迷信色彩。人们对死亡和健康的认识不足,在一些宗教观念的影响下,阿勒颇城市居民甚至仍会依赖巫术进行治疗。这些从一个侧面反映了阿勒颇在当时没有开始真正的现代化进程。

The 18 th century was a period of great changes in the world economy,but the death rate of the urban residents of Aleppo was extremely high,and various epidemic diseases and plagues occurred frequently.Although the city had formed the public environment health system,but still had the flaw.While the religious function was shrinking and modern industrial and commercial factors appeared in the economy of Aleppo,the urban medical and health facilities,as an important part of the urban social security,had not been fundamentally improved,and the relevant government departments had paid little attention to medical drugs and public health.The city lacked the health management system,the medical condition was poor,the level was low,the idea was backward,and had the religious superstition color.Awareness of death and health was low,and some religious beliefs had led city dwellers in Aleppo to rely on witchcraft for healing.All this shows that Aleppo did not start the real modernization process at that time.