方舱医院育龄期女性新型冠状病毒感染后月经相关生殖健康的研究

Analysis of menstruation associated reproductive health in female COVID-19 patients of child-bearing age

目的对方舱医院育龄期女性新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者生殖健康进行真实世界的研究。方法通过金山表单针对2022年4月24日至5月3日在上海国家会展中心方舱医院住院的COVID-19育龄期女性月经周期、月经量、临床特征及治疗进行问卷调查分析。结果共238名育龄期女性患者完成了调查,其中COVID-19无症状型49例(20.59%),轻型189例(79.41%)。常见的临床表现为咳嗽咳痰(73.52%)、发热(47.89%)和疲劳(33.61%)。其中119例(50%)育龄期女性月经情况在感染新型冠状病毒后发生改变。14例(5.88%)患者发现月经周期缩短,13例(5.46%)患者月经周期延长,均高于感染前(P<0.05)。10例(4.20%)患者月经出血天数延长,14例(5.88%)患者月经出血天数缩短(P<0.05)。144例(60.50%)患者月经量的变化,其中10例(4.20%)患者月经量增加,34例(14.29%)患者月经量减少。14例(5.88%)患者报告出现新发的痛经,13例(5.46%)患者经前症状,如腹胀、易怒等较感染前增多,均高于感染前。结论部分COVID-19育龄期女性患者出现月经周期或出血天数的变化以及经前症状和痛经的增加,对健康的长期影响尚不明确。

Objective To conduct a real-world study on the reproductive health of female patients with COVID-19 in child-bearing age.Methods The menstrual cycle,menstrual volume,clinical characteristics and treatment survery were investigated through Kingsoft Office for women of child-bearing age with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the Fang shelter hospital of Shanghai National Exhibition and Convention Center from April 24,2022 to May 3,2022.Results A total of 238 female patients of child-bearing age completed the survey,including 49 asymptomatic patients(20.59%)and 189 mild patients(79.41%).The common clinical manifestations were cough and expectoration(73.52%),fever(47.89%)and fatigue(33.61%).A total of 119(50%)women of child-bearing age experienced changes in menstruation after infection.Shorter cycles were found in 14 patients(5.88%)and prolonged cycles in 13 patients(5.46%),both of which were higher than before(P<0.05).Ten patients(4.20%)had longer bleeding days and 14 patients(5.88%)had shorter bleeding days(P<0.05).Changes in menstrual volume occurred in 144 patients(60.50%),of whom 10 patients(4.20%)experienced increased menstrual volume and 34 patients(14.29%)experienced decreased menstrual volume.Fourteen patients(5.88%)reported new-onset dysmenorrhea,and 13 patients(5.46%)reported more premenstrual symptoms than before.Conclusion Some COVID-19 female patients of child-bearing age experience changes in menstrual cycle or bleeding days and an increase in premenstrual symptoms and dysmenorrhea,and the long-term effects of COVID-19 on health are unknown.