军人自我形象量表的编制及其与心理健康状态的关系

Compilation of Self-Image Scale for Military Personnel and relationship of self-image with mental health

目的研制军人自我形象量表,并探讨军人自我形象与心理健康状态之间的关系。方法采用问卷调查和网络爬取方法收集描述军人的形容词,经过词频清洗、词义清洗、同义词合并形成初始量表,再整群抽取陆、海、空、火箭军军人2756名,并对其进行问卷调查,利用SPSS 26.0对所得数据进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、信度分析、Pearson相关分析,利用AMOS 21.0进行验证性因子分析。结果探索性因素分析发现该量表具有军事能力和军人品德两个因素,共12题,总方差解释率为77.227%;验证性因素分析发现RMSEA为0.075,NNFI为0.968;总量表及各因素Cronbach’α系数为:0.951、0.942、0.936,重测信度为0.807、0.791、0.794;军人自我形象与心理健康状态在统计学上负相关(r=-0.243,P<0.01)。结论军人自我形象量表具有良好的信度、效度,可以作为心理学测量工具使用;军人自我形象是心理健康维护与促进的重要因素。

Objective To develop a Self-Image Scale for Military Personnel,and to explore the relationship of self-image and mental health status.Methods Questionnaires and network crawling were used to collect adjectives describing soldiers.After word frequency cleaning,word meaning cleaning and synonym combination,an initial scale was formed.Then 2756 soldiers were stratified from the units of army,navy,air force and rocket force and then surveyed with the initial scale.SPSS26.0 was used for item analysis,exploratory factor analysis,reliability analysis and Pearson correlation analysis.AMOS21.0 was used for confirmatory factor analysis.Results Exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale had 2 dimensions,military ability and military moral character.There were 12 questions in total,with a total variance explanation rate of 77.227%.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that RMSEA and NNFI were 0.075 and 0.968,respectively.The Cronbach’αcoefficients of the total scale and each dimension were 0.951,0.942 and 0.936,and the retest reliability was 0.807,0.791 and 0.794,respectively.There was a negative correlation between self-image and mental health status(r=-0.243,P<0.01).Conclusion Our prepared Self-Image Scale for Military Personnel has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a psychological measurement tool.Self-image level of soldiersis an important factor in the maintenance and promotion of mental health.