论夫妻生育纠纷中配偶之损害赔偿请求权

On the Right to Claim Damages for Spouses in Disputes over Childbirth

无论生育方法和家庭形式如何变化,生育目的的实现均以建立生育伙伴关系为客观基础。根据中国传统家庭伦理文化以及人口数据,可推定我国夫妻在结婚时已建立积极的生育合意,法律以重大疾病婚前告知义务、忠诚义务和生父推定规则等制度保护婚姻生育功能。因生育意愿受制于个体健康、养育能力和国家政策等影响,婚内生育合意呈动态变化,为保护诚信生育伙伴关系,配偶有义务告知对方与生育有关的重要信息,故意违反者需赔偿配偶因此所受损失。根据《中华人民共和国民法典》,配偶损害赔偿请求权可以撤销婚姻后的过错赔偿责任为基础,或以离婚损害赔偿或侵权损害赔偿为基础。

No matter how the reproductive methods and family forms change,the realization of reproductive purpose is based on the establishment of reproductive partnership.According to China’s traditional family ethics culture and population data,it can be presumed that Chinese couples establish a positive reproductive agreement at the time of marriage,and the law protects the reproductive function of the marriage with rules regulations,such as the obligation to inform major diseases before marriage,the obligation of loyalty and the rule of presumption of biological father.Because fertility is subject to the influence of individual health,parenting ability and national policies,the consent to childbirth in marriage changes dynamically.For the purpose of protecting the honest reproductive partnership the spouse has the obligation to inform the other party of important information related to childbirth,and the intentional violator needs to compensate the spouse for the losses incurred.According to the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China,the spouse’s right to claim damages can be based on the cancellation of the fault compensation liability after marriage,or on divorce damage compensation or tort damage compensation.