构建以授权运营为主渠道的公共数据开放利用机制

Establish an Open Utilization Mechanism of Public Data with Authorized Operation as the Main Channel

公共数据开放制度在实践中遭遇困境,面临开放数据可用性低、开放利用效果不佳、开放政策不可持续、数据安全风险高等问题。为解决公共数据开放利用困难,公共数据授权运营作为公共数据开发利用的新机制被提出,但亟需厘清其与公共数据开放的关系。公共数据授权运营与公共数据完全开放不矛盾,与公共数据有条件开放不重合,三者共同属于公共数据开放利用的主要机制。授权运营应被定位为公共数据开发利用的主渠道,由被授权运营主体供给数据产品和服务,以满足市场主体的多元化需求;完全开放定位为基础保障机制,由政府直接向社会提供原始数据,以满足公众普遍性利用需求;有条件开放作为特殊场景数据利用的实现机制,可满足数据需求侧和供给侧的特殊开发利用需要。授权运营、完全开放、有条件开放在公共数据开放利用制度中各司其职、协调配合,最大程度实现公共数据开放赋能实体经济、提升治理效能的制度目标。

Open public data is facing the following difficulties such as,low availability of open data,poor open data reuse effect,unsustainable open data policy,and high open data security risk.In order to solve the difficulties in the development of open public data,it is proposed to authorized operation of public data,but it is necessary to clarify its relationship with open public data.The authorized operation of public data is not contradictory to the full opening of public data,and does not coincide with the conditional opening of public data,all three belong to the utilization mechanism of open public data.Authorized operation of public data should be positioned as the main channel for the utilization of open public data,and authorized operation entities should provide data products and services to meet the diversified needs of market entities.Fully open as the basic security mechanism,the government directly provides the society with raw data to meet the public’s universal use needs.Conditional opening,as the realization mechanism of data utilization in special scenarios,meets the special development and utilization needs of data demand side and supply side.Authorized operation,full openness and conditional openness shall perform their respective duties and coordinate in the open use system of public data,so as to maximize the institutional goal of enabling the real economy and improving the governance efficiency of open public data.