促进型立法的实践样态与理论省思

The Practical Pattern and Theoretical Reflection on Promotional Legislation

促进型立法是指立法文本标题有“促进”字样,将调整机制重心放在权利、鼓励、奖励,追求更优的价值目标,以政府责任兜底的法律文本。我国促进型立法的常见缺陷是,经验尚浅的新立法形式,法律条款雷同重复,混同于管理型法,软法比重过大,过分倚重激励机制。作为一种工具,促进型立法应着眼于坚持以人为本,保障公民权利,建设有为政府,调控发展节奏和丰富立法手段。促进型立法的制定应当遵守的技术规则主要有,尊重人的主体地位,找准立法的价值目标,偏重政府职责的制度设计,规定内容具有可执行性,强化立法评估机制。

Promotional legislation refers to a legal text with the word“promotion”in the title of the legislative text,focusing on the adjustment mechanism of rights,encouragement,and rewards,pursuing better value goals,and taking the responsibility of the government to the bottom of the legal text.The common defects of our country’s promotional legislation are the new legislative forms with inexperienced and repeated legal provisions,which are confused with administrativelaws,the proportion of soft laws is too large,and people’s nature is misunderstood.As a tool,promotional legislation should focus on adhering to people-oriented,protecting citizens’rights,building a promising government,regulating the pace of development and enriching legislative means.The technical rules that should be followed in the formulation of facilitation legislation mainly include:prudent selection of such legislation,identification of legislative objectives,institutional design that emphasizes government responsibilities,enforceable content of regulations,strengthening of legislative evaluation,and respect for the dominant position of human beings.