中国东南亚研究的人类学路径:回顾与反思

An Anthropological Approach to Southeast Asian Studies in China:A Review and Reflection

近年来,中国的人类学和民族学学者在东南亚社会与文化研究方面取得了积极进展。但是,时至今日,中国的东南亚人类学研究面临的一个主要问题在于,该领域的三大研究板块即东南亚华人研究、跨界民族研究和东南亚各国主体社会研究之间缺乏理论对话,导致学科碎片化而对东南亚的整体认知不足,学科知识积累和理论创新遇到瓶颈。本文在评述该领域代表性成果的基础上提出,推进东南亚人类学的学科建设和发展,需要从经验现象、方法和理论三个方面对东南亚人类学的研究对象进行整合,并通过比较和理论对话形成对东南亚的整体认知,建立具有中国意识、区域视角和全球关怀的东南亚人类学学科体系。

In recent years,Chinese anthropologists and ethnologists have made positive progress in the study of Southeast Asian society and culture.However,up to now,one of the main problems lies in the lack of theoretical dialogue among the three research sectors of Southeast Asian Anthropology—overseas Chinese research,cross-border ethnic groups research and the research of the main body of Southeast Asian countries,which results in discipline fragmentation and a lack of overall understanding of Southeast Asia.Based on a review of representative achievements in this field,this paper holds that to promote the disciplinary construction and development of Southeast Asian anthropology,it is necessary to integrate the research objects of Southeast Asian anthropology from three aspects:empirical phenomena,methods and theories,and to form a holistic cognition of Southeast Asia through comparison and theoretical dialogue,so as to establish a disciplinary system of Southeast Asian anthropology with Chinese consciousness,regional perspective and global concern.