去殖民化与区域国别研究的模式转型——以西方越南研究为主线

Decolonization and the Transformation of the Model of Area Studies:A Focus on Western Vietnamese Studies

随着全球化的深入,西方学术界开始进一步反思学术研究方法与理论的去殖民化与去西方中心化。作为西方殖民扩张的产物,越南研究的发展历程与实践为西方研究的学科去殖民化提供了宝贵的经验与思路。本文将批判性地回顾西方越南研究的学术史,分析在东方学、区域研究框架下,国际权力格局、意识形态等因素对越南研究的影响、视角偏差和伦理困境。本文认为,学科去殖民化的进程推动了西方越南研究模式的变革,从国家直接干预的区域研究转向为多元的跨学科交流平台,丰富了西方越南研究的议题、研究过程与研究成果质量。虽然意识形态对立和西方中心的社会理论持续影响西方越南研究,随着学科去殖民化与跨国学术交流的进一步深入,西方越南研究呈现出新的反思与发展趋势。结合西方社会人文学科去殖民化的思潮,西方越南研究个案体现出区域国别研究作为一个学科的优越性与潜力。立足本土视角,区域国别研究可为跨学科、跨区域与跨平台的交流提供空间,挑战西方认识论霸权。

With the deepening of globalization,Western academics have begun to further to reflect on the decolonization and de-Westernation of research methods and social theories.As a product of Western colonial expansion,the development of Western Vietnamese Studies has provided valuable experience and ideas for decolonization of disciplines project.This article seeks to critically review the academic history of Western Vietnamese Studies and analyses influencing factors such as the international power structure,ideological opposition,etc.,tracing the perspective deviations and ethical dilemmas within the framework of Orientalism studies and area studies.It is suggested that the process of decolonization has prompted the reformation of the paradigm of Western Vietnamese Studies from an area study with direct state intervention to a multi-disciplinary academic exchange platform,enriching the topics,sophisticated research process and research quality in Western Vietnamese Studies.Although ideological opposition and Westem-centred social theories continue to influence Western Vietnamese Studies,with the further decolonization of the disciplines and transnational academic exchanges,Western Vietnamese Studies is showing new reflections and development trends.In the context of the decolonization trend of Western social and humanities,the case of Western Vietnam Studies reflects the superiority and potential of area studies as a discipline.Based on local perspectives,area studies can provide a space for interdisciplinary,cross-regional and cross-platform exchanges,challenging the hegemony of Western epistemology.