基于生态系统服务功能的自然保护区优先保护与保护空缺分析——以北京市密云区为例

ANALYSIS OF PRIORITY PROTECTION AND PROTECTION VACANCIES IN NATURE RESERVES BASED ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICE FUNCTION:A CASE STUDY OF MIYUN DISTRICT, BEIJING

建立自然保护区是解决生物多样性丧失、生态系统服务功能退化等环境问题的有效途径。如何确定保护地区选址、明确重点建设和保护空的缺区域,是完善自然保护区规划的核心问题。目前,国内外自然保护区规划以物种分布以及栖息地环境保护为主,缺乏对于生态空间生态系统服务功能保护相关考虑。本研究以北京市密云区为例,提出基于生态系统服务功能评估的生态空间优先保护与保护空缺分析方法,选择水分涵养、土壤保持等主要服务功能指标,利用、Maxent、USLE分析模型结合GIS技术进行评价,划分不同保护等级,分析重要区域的保护空缺,为完善保护区规划提供一定科学方法与依据。

Establishing nature reserves is an effective way to solve environmental problems such as loss of biodiversity and degradation of ecosystem services.How to determine the location of protected areas,identify key construction and protect vacant areas is the core issue of improving nature reserve planning.At present,the planning of nature reserves at home and abroad mainly focuses on species distribution and Habitat Environmental protection,lacking of relevant considerations for the protection of ecosystem services.Taking Miyun District of Beijing as an example,this paper puts forward an analysis method of ecological space priority protection and protection vacancy based on ecosystem service function evaluation,chooses water conservation,soil conservation and other main service function indicators,uses Maxent,USLE analysis model and GIS technology to evaluate,divides different protection levels,and analyses the protection vacancies in important areas,so as to improve the protection regulations.The plan provides a certain scientific method and basis.