京津冀城市群城镇化与创新的耦合过程与机理

Coupling process and mechanism of urbanization and innovation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration

城市群是国家新型城镇化的主体形态,也是创新的孵化器;城市群区域的城镇化子系统与创新子系统之间理论上存在复杂交互关系。京津冀城市群是国家新型城镇化规划确定的国家级城市群,并将"全国创新驱动经济增长新引擎"作为其核心功能定位,因此有必要探索京津冀城市群的城镇化过程与创新发展之间的耦合关系,这对理解城镇化与创新之间的关系和京津冀城市群的发展问题都有裨益。通过梳理城镇化与创新两个子系统之间的内在理论关系,构建城镇化与创新的综合评价指标体系,借助耦合协调度模型和地理探测器因子探测方法,分析京津冀城市群城镇化与创新两子系统之间的耦合协调关系演变过程及作用机理。研究发现:①京津冀城市群城镇化和创新的综合水平都呈现稳步增长的趋势,城镇化与创新的耦合协调关系总体向好的方向发展,但综合水平和耦合关系的空间差异都较大;②创新滞后是京津冀城市群城镇化与创新耦合协调水平提升的关键阻力,近年京津冀城市群地区及多数城市表现为创新滞后的耦合协调类型;③京津冀城市群城镇化与创新的交互影响非常显著,特别是经济城镇化和社会城镇化对创新的影响、创新资源对城镇化的影响表现比较突出。

Urban agglomeration is not only the main form of new urbanization,but also the incubator of innovation.Theoretically,there is a complex interaction between urbanization subsystem and innovation subsystem in urban agglomeration.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is a national-level urban agglomeration designated by the national new urbanization planning,and it takes"the new engine of national innovation-driven economic growth"as its core function positioning.Therefore,exploring the coupling relationship between urbanization process and innovation and development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is beneficial to understand the relationship between urbanization and innovation and the development of this urban agglomeration.The comprehensive evaluation index system of urbanization and innovation is constructed by combing the internal theoretical relationship between two subsystems of urbanization and innovation.With the help of coupling coordination degree model and geo-detector factor detection method,this paper analyzes the evolution process and mechanism of coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and innovation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.The findings:(1)The comprehensive level of urbanization and innovation in the study area presents a trend of steady growth,and the coupling and coordination relationship between urbanization and innovation also develops in a good direction on the whole,but the comprehensive level and coupling relationship are different in space.Specifically,the gap between the high level of Beijing and Tianjin and the overall low level of 11 cities in Hebei is obvious.(2)The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration has been characterized by the coupling coordination type of innovation lag since 2007.Moreover,most of the cities in recent years show the type of coupling coordination of innovation lag,which can be clearly concluded that the main reason for the coupling coordination level of this urban agglomeration in the past period of time is that the innovation level is relatively inadequate to support the urbanization.(3)The interaction between urbanization and innovation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is very significant,especially the impact of economic urbanization and social urbanization on innovation,and the impact of innovation resources on urbanization is more prominent.It is also found that the role of innovation ability in promoting urbanization is relatively inadequate during the study period.In the future,the key direction of promoting the coordination level of urbanization and innovation coupling in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration is to accelerate the improvement of urban agglomeration and the comprehensive level of innovation in each city.