可调节负荷资源参与电网调控的思考与技术实践

Thinking and Technical Practice of Adjustable Load Resources Participating in Dispatching and Control of Power Grid

随着新能源规模的发展和电网特性的变化,传统调节资源的调度空间越来越小,亟须有效拓展电网调节资源,推动"源随荷动"传统模式向"源荷互动"协同模式转变。在未改变现有智能电网调度控制系统结构的前提下,提出了可调节负荷资源参与电网调控的技术架构和若干技术。可调节负荷资源通过聚合商运营平台汇聚后与调度端负荷调控平台对接,构建调控机构-聚合商-负荷资源三级业务体系,实现调控机构与聚合商的监视、控制和市场等数据的实时交互,支撑负荷资源通过功率连续调节参与全网调度优化。中国华北电网对北京地区有序充电桩和分布式储能集群开展了168 h闭环控制,验证了文中所提技术路线的可行性。该路线陆续支撑了多个可调节负荷聚合商参与华北调峰辅助服务市场。最后,对大规模可调节负荷资源参与电网调控须面对和解决的技术问题进行了思考和展望。

With the rapid development of the scale for renewable energy and the change of grid characteristics,the dispatching space of traditional adjustable resources becomes smaller and smaller.It is urgent to effectively expand the adjustable resources of power grid and promote transition from the traditional passive‘source changing with load’mode to the collaborative‘interaction between source and load’mode.This paper proposes the technical architecture and some technologies of adjustable load resources participating in dispatching and control without changing the structure of existing dispatching and control system of smart grid.After being converged on the aggregator’s operation platform,the adjustable load resources are connected to the load dispatching and control platform.A three-level business system of dispatching and control center-aggregator load resources is constructed,so as to realize the real-time interactions of monitoring,control,market and other information between dispatching and control center and aggregators,and support the load resources participating in the whole grid dispatching and optimization through continuous power regulation.The 168 hour closed-loop control of orderly charging piles and distributed energy storage clusters in Beijing is conducted by the North China power grid,the feasibility of the technical route is verified.This route helps several adjustable load aggregators participate in peak-shaving auxiliary service market of North China power grid.Finally,the technical problems about large-scale adjustable load resources widely participating in power grid regulation are analyzed and prospected.