清末民初地方自治背景下的“乡自治公所”——以“闵行乡自治公所记”壁碑为例

Township Autonomy Office under the Background of Local Autonomy in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China——Taking the Stele of Minhang Township Autonomous Office as an Example

文章根据闵行区博物馆藏壁碑“闵行乡自治公所记”碑文内容,从清末乡自治公所创办的历史背景、辛亥革命民国建立江苏暂行市乡制、“停办地方自治”通令下达三个方面对碑文内容进行阐释;对初创到停办前闵行乡自治公所情况及碑文撰写人进行了介绍,说明该碑是清末《城镇乡地方自治章程》、民国初年《江苏暂行市乡制并选举章程》颁布实施的佐证。该碑为研究《地方自治章程》《市乡制》在乡一级执行情况、研究地方乡民对于实行地方自治、探讨地方公益事业态度提供了非常珍贵的史料。

This article is based on the stele Records of Minhang Township Autonomous ffice collected in Minhang Museum.The inscription contents are elaborated from the following three aspects:the historical background of the establishment of the township autonomous office in the late Qing Dynasty,the implementation of Jiangsu provisional municipal and township system in the early days of the founding of the Republic of China,and the issuance of the decree of suspension of local autonomy.By introducing the author of the inscription,and the situation of the Minhang Township Autonomous Office from its inception to its discontinuation,this paper shows that the monument is the supporting evidence of the promulgation and implementation of the Local Self-Governance Character for Towns and Villages in the late Qing Dynasty,and the Provisional City and Township System and Election Charter for Jiangsu in the early Republic of China.It's a valuable historical document for studying the implementation of the Local Self-Governance Character and the City and Township System at the township level as well as the attitude of local villagers towards the implementation of local autonomy and local public welfare.