国家与地方:文物保管的合作与冲突——敦煌土地庙遗书的发现与保管权争议史实探微

The Nation and the Provinces:Conflict and Cooperation in the Preservation of Cultural Relics——A Study on the Discovery and Custody Dispute of the Earth Temple Documents of Dunhuang

1944年8月国立敦煌艺术研究所为添建宿舍,在中寺后院的土地庙残塑中发现了一批六朝残经杂文(即土地庙遗书),这批资料自发现以来便备受各界关注。1944年—1946年间当时的国立北平图书馆、国立西北图书馆、甘肃省政府均曾致函教育部希望获得对其保管权,但并未得允准。中华人民共和国成立后,土地庙遗书除一种由故宫博物院收藏外,其余均一直由敦煌研究院保管收藏。

In August 1944,the National Dunhuang Art Research Institute discovered a group of fragmental scriptures from the Six Dynasties among the broken statues in the Earth Temple on the grounds of the Middle Temple.These documents from the Earth Temple have attracted much attention since their discovery.Between 1944 and 1946,National Beiping Library,National Northwest Library and the Gansu Provincial Government all sent letters to the Ministry of Education hoping to obtain proprietary rights over the documents,but were all rejected.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,excepting one article on kept display in the Palace Museum in Beijing,all of the Earth Temple documents were collected and held by the Dunhuang Academy.