十八世纪西方毛毯的传入与清宫的借鉴

Import of Western Tapestries and Imitation of Qing Court during the Eighteenth Century

清朝廷虽然限制中外通商贸易,但依然保持着与一些国家的外交和商业关系。外国的档案记载显示毛织物难以销售,然而从清宫档案记录来看,这些进口的西方毛毯颇受皇亲贵胄的青睐。本文以清代档案为基础,结合现存实物分析、梳理和阐明西方毛毯在中外文化交流中所发挥的作用。研究表明,传入清宫的西方毛毯体现出交流路径的复杂性和交流内容的选择性,清宫借鉴制品是中西艺术和技术互动下的产物。

Although the Qing Court restricted foreign trade,it still maintained diplomatic and commercial relations with some countries.Foreign archives showed that woolen fabrics were difficult to sell.However,according to the archives of imperial court in the Qing Dynasty,imported western tapestries were favored by the royal family.This study clarifies the role played by the western tapestries in the intercultural communication between China and foreign countries.Research results show that the western tapestries in the Qing Court reflect the complexity of communication path and the selection of communication content,and the reference products made by Qing Court are the product of the interaction between Chinese and Western art and technology.