海德格尔对亚里士多德《物理学》的解构

Heidgger:Das Phänomen der Bewegtheit im Lichte der Dekonstruktion der Aristotelischen Physik

亚里士多德的思想对于20世纪20年代初期的青年海德格尔殊为关键。《物理学》构成了着眼于动变(kinesis)概念重新居有亚里士多德的基石,并且海德格尔从诠释学上将其彻底化和深化为“动变本身”(Bewegtheit)。同时,对亚里士多德存在论的实体主义预设和“物理主义”预设的解构,让海德格尔很快发现亚里士多德的局限,这些局限首先在于,亚里士多德遮蔽了对人类此在的不断变化的理解和揭示。只有通过这样的一种解构运动,对《物理学》的解释才能开启一种本真的“历史”可能性,即超出亚里士多德,揭示传统存在论尚未深思的根基。

Aristotle’s thought is of crucial significance for the young Heidegger in the early 1920s.The Physics forms the touchstone of this re-appropriation in view of the concept of movement,which Heidegger hermeneutically radicalized and deepened as the factical structure of“moved-ness”.The simulataneously operative deconstruction of the substantial and“physical”premisses of Aristotelian ontology allows him to quickly discover the limits of such a model,particularly through the concealing of the metabolic understanding and disclosing through the human Dasein.Only through such a deconstructive movement can the interpretation of the Physics then open up the actual historical possibility of disclosing-beyond Aristotle-the unthought foundation of traditional ontology.