“没有黑格尔就没有达尔文”——《快乐的科学》第五卷第357则格言的语境阐释

“Without Hegel,There Could be no Darwin”—A Contextual Interpretation of Aphorism 357 from the 5th Book of The Gay Science

尼采与达尔文/达尔文主义的关系长期以来都是学界关注的焦点。本文认为,尼采在回应“什么是德国的”这个问题时,超越了瓦格纳狭隘的民族主义视野,把自己的目光从德国转向了欧洲,同时也转向了一种哲学上的进化思想;此外,尼采还通过分析莱布尼茨、康德、黑格尔、叔本华,试图把达尔文/达尔文主义纳入自己对德国观念论的理解当中来。

The relationship between Nietzsche and Darwin/Darwinism is always the focus of academic attention.This article argues that Nietzsche transcended Wagner’s narrow nationalist perspective in response to the question of“what is German”.He turned his eyes from Germany to Europe,from ossified thinking to an evolutionary thinking.In addition,by analyzing Leibniz,Kant,Hegel and Schopenhauer,Nietzsche tried to understand Darwin and Darwinism in the framework of German idealism.