基于情境分析法的青铜器功能、组合研究——以西周青铜盘、盉、匜为例

Study on Function and Combination of Bronzes Based on Situational Analysis Method:Take Western Zhou Dynasty Bronze Pan,He and Yi as an Example

本文将纹饰、铭文、出土摆放位置作为情境分析的标准,发现青铜盘、盉、匜在西周时期存在功能、组合的时空变化,体现出内部形制变化和外部政治与文化双重因素的影响。盘、盉组合在西周早期初见端倪,中期逐渐形成规范形式,晚期明器化严重但在高等贵族墓葬中仍占据主体地位;盘、匜组合在西周中期产生,西周晚期迅速成为中小型贵族墓葬水器组合的主体;盘、盉、匜共出组合则反映出各地区水器组合的差异性。

This article takes ormamentation,inscription and excavation location as a standard of situational analysis,and finds that bronze Pan,He and Yi have temporal and spatial changes in function and combination during the Western Zhou Dynasty,refecting the influence of interal shape changes and external political and cultural factors.Pan and He combination emergence in the early Westerm Zhou Dynasty,gradually establish a canonical form in the middle period,and was seriously instrumentalized in the late period,but still occupied the main position in higher nobles.Pan and Yi combination emergence in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty,and have quickly become the main body of the small and medium-sized noble in the late Western Zhou Dynasty;Pan,He and Yi combination refect the differences in the combination of water vessels in different regions.