泗水变迁与春秋晚期、战国时期泗水流域内外的大国趋势——兼论泗上十二诸侯之宋、薛、邳的灭亡

The Changes of the Sishui River and the Major Power Trend in and Outside the Sishui River Basin During the Late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period:Also on the Demise of Song,Xue and Pi of the Twelve Princes of Sishang

本文以泗水变迁为背景,通过文献爬梳,对春秋晚期、战国时期流域内外的大国趋势及其细节进行了叙述。其中,对泗水及其附近的“泗上十二诸侯”尤其关注。一方面,大国趋势表现为春秋时期的争霸转变为战国时期的兼并战争;另一方面,在这一趋势下,泗水流域的诸侯小国除维持着自己的传统外,随着楚、齐、吴、越等大国的风云变幻而沉浮,最后终被灭亡。本文重点详述了泗水流域宋、薛、邳的灭亡,同时,对薛邳关系这一长期争论不休的问题也阐述了意见。期望在详细了解历史事件的基础上,为泗水流域考古学文化谱系的建立提供线索,为这一区域的礼制演进过程和文化交流过程提供支撑。

Based on the changes of the Sishui River,this paper narrates the trends and details of the big countries in and outside the basin during the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period by sorting out the ancient literature.Among them,particular attention is paid to the"Twelve Princes of Sishang"in and around the Sishui River.On the one hand,the trend of major powers is manifested in the transformation of the contend for the Overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period into the annex war during the Warring States period;on the other hand,under this trend,the small princes in the Sishui River Basin maintained their own traditions,followed by the rapid change of the major powers,such as Chu,Qi,Wu and Yue,underwent many ups and downs,and eventually be destroyed.The paper mainly introduces the demise of Song,Xue,and Pi in the Sishui River Basin.At the same time,it also comments the long-standing dispute about the relationship between Xue and Pi.It is hoped that on the basis of a detailed understanding of historical events,it will provide clues for the establishment of the archaeological cultural pedigree of the Sishui River Basin,and offer support for the process of ritual evolution and cultural exchanges in this region.