脑隐私法律保护的制度建构

隐私权保护的逻辑局限难以容纳脑机接口(BCI)处理大脑信息引发的脑隐私概念,同时BCI技术的专业性和大脑神经元系统的复杂性使得脑隐私与隐私、脑数据和脑信息相异但又存在一定交叉。基于神经性特点,脑隐私的内容是特定脑区功能的表达,其价值不仅在于大脑信息输出,更在于外界对大脑的介入和干预。由于关涉个人内在情感和思想世界,脑隐私构成个人核心私密信息;而脑隐私保护兼具脆弱性、秘密性和程序性,则可划入高度敏感信息范畴。因此,在个人信息保护法框架内,脑隐私的采集、使用和用益均应坚持严格法定主义,以目的限定及用户控制、透明度和信息最小化三大原则保障个体自主性。并且,以创造力、谦逊和责任作为BCI技术研发的伦理基础,以防止数据形式的脑隐私滥用和保证脑隐私与个体识别的不可分割关系为基本立场。

The limitation of privacy protection cannot accept of brain privacy generated from information of BCI.The technical aspect and the complexity of brain neurons have made the brain privacy and general privacy,brain data and brain information different but interconnected at some point.Based on the features of neurons,the brain privacy is the result of specific brain functioning,and its value is not just about the brain information output but more about the intervention of the external world.Given it related with personal feelings and thought,the brain privacy is the core of personal privacy information.Its fragility,private nature and procedural-based type makes it a category of highly-sensitive information.Therefore,in the framework of Personal Information Protection I,aw,the collection,use and benefits acerued should strictly follow the principle of legality,and are limited to specifie purpose and user control,transparent and minimalist to ensure people's autonomy.In addition,the creativity,modesty and responsibility are the ethical foundation of BCI development to prevent the abuse of brain privacy data and ensure brain privacy aligned with personal identity.