信用修复机制的实践误区及法治纠偏

在失信惩戒机制已成为重要信用监管手段的背景下,必须同时建立让失信主体依法退出惩戒措施的制度保障,否则会造成信用建设的体系失衡。在社会信用体系建设中,信用修复机制是平衡信用监管最佳效果和失信主体权益保护的关键环节。为了实现“推动社会信用体系建设全面纳入法治轨道”的整体目标,在出台社会信用法尚需时日的背景下,应该率先在行政法规层面统一信用修复规则。在界定信用修复的范围时,应该主客观相结合,以失信行为的性质和严重程度为主,辅之以主观过错程度进行评判。在明确信用修复的具体标准时,首先应该统一信用修复时限标准,然后应当设置合理的信用修复行为标准,最后还应当区分纠错式修复和补偿式修复,科学设置信用修复的核心流程。

Credit punishment has become an important means of credit supervision.It is necessary to establish institutional guarantees to allow dishonest subjects to withdraw from credit punishment measures,otherwise it will cause an imbalance in the social credit system.In the construction of the social credit system,the credit repair mechanism is a key link in balancing the effect of credit supervision and the protection of the rights of dishonest subjects.In order to achieve the overall goal of"promoting the comprehensive integration of the construction of social credit system with the rule of law",it is necessary to take the lead in unifying credit repair rules in administrative regulations given the temporary absence of a unified social credit law.When defining the scope of credit repair,a combination of subjective and objective standards should be used,which are based on the nature and severity of dishonest behavior and supplemented by subjective fault.When clarifying the specific standards for credit repair,the first step is to unify the credit repair time limit,then set legitimate behavior standards,and finally scientifically set the core process of credit repair on the basis of distinguishing between error correction and compensation.