杭州九曜山摩崖龛像调查及初步研究

A Preliminary Investigation of the Sculptures in Cliff Niches at Jiuyao Mount in Hangzhou

位于杭州西湖西南岸九曜山西麓的一处摩崖龛像,保存完整,但鲜有人知。笔者于2018年至2019年多次调查,发现了该处摩崖龛像包括一龛刻经龛、三龛造像龛及其他题记。本文在详细调查该处摩崖龛像的材料基础上,分析了各处龛像的雕造年代和题材,认为其为五代吴越国时期雕造的《弥勒上生经》题刻和弥勒七尊像等。并查考文献,认为该处龛像应属于五代吴越国所建西方香严殿,可能与吴越国高僧永明延寿有密切联系。

The well-preserved sculptures in cliff niches on the west slope of Jiuyao Mount, which is located southwest to the West Lake in Hangzhou, is rarely known. Several investigations during 2018 and 2019 discovered that there is a niche for Buddhist scripture, three niches for Buddhist statues and other inscriptions. Based on detailed documentation of these materials, this article analyzes the date of creating niches and the themes of sculptures. We suggest that they are inscription of "Maitreya Sutra" and statues of seven Buddhas headed by Maitreya Buddha, all carved during Wuyue State period. The relevant literature suggests that these cliff niches could have belonged to Xifang Xiangyan chapel, which was built in Wuyue State and closely related to the eminent monk, Yongmingyanshou.