核心素养理念下小学生数学估算能力的培养

The Cultivation of Primary School Students’ Mathematics Estimation Ability under the Concept of Core Literacy

估算是一种无须获得精确结果的口算,是学生依据已有信息对事物的数量或运算结果做出的大致判断,是计算技能的一种延伸。生活中会经常运用到估算,比如,对购物数量以及购物金额的估算、对时间的大致估算、对年龄的大致估算等。估算需要对具体的数字进行分析,需要有较强的符号意识。而数字的分析与数学运算符号的运用又需要学生具备一定的数感与运算能力等数学素养。因此,小学数学教师要践行核心素养理念组织展开估算教学,并引导学生加强估算练习,从而全面提升学生的估算能力。

Estimation is a kind of oral calculation that does not require accurate results.It is a rough judgment made by students on the number of things or the results of calculations based on existing information.It is an extension of calculation skills.Estimation is often used in life,such as the estimation of the number of purchases and the amount of purchases,the approximate estimation of time,and the approximate estimation of age.Estimation requires analysis of specific numbers and a strong sense of symbols.The analysis of numbers and the use of symbols for mathematical operations require students to have a certain sense of number and ability to perform mathematics.Therefore,elementary school mathematics teachers should implement the core literacy concept to organize estimating teaching,and guide students to strengthen estimating exercises,so as to comprehensively improve students’estimating ability.