逆向思维在小学数学教学中的应用

The Application of Reverse Thinking in Mathematics Teaching in Primary Schools

数学是小学三大主要课程之一,小学数学教学内容包括对数的认识、四则运算法则、图形及长度的计算公式、单位转换等,都和我们的日常生活联系非常紧密。而在学习这些数学内容时,我们通常用到的是常规的顺向思维的方法,顺向思维方法的好处是简单直观,但是对于一些相对复杂的题型,可能会得不到有效的答案。而逆向思维是从相反方面(或者是从结果导向)出发进行逆转推理的一种思维方式,可以快速地解锁顺向思维得不到的答案,对学生数学各方面能力的提升效果是比较显著的。

Mathematics is one of the three main courses in elementary schools.The teaching content of elementary school mathematics includes knowledge of logarithms,four arithmetic rules,calculation formulas for figures and lengths,unit conversion,etc,which are very closely related to our daily life.When learning these mathematical content,we usually use the conventional forward thinking method.The advantage of the forward thinking method is that it is simple and intuitive,but for some relatively complex question types,effective answers may not be obtained.Reverse thinking is a way of thinking that reverses reasoning from the opposite side(or result-oriented).It can quickly unlock answers that are not available in forward thinking,and it has a significant effect on improving students’math abilities in all aspects.